Mark 10:17-31

As [Jesus] was setting out on a journey, a man ran up and knelt before him, and asked him, “Good Teacher, what must I do to inherit eternal life?”Jesus said to him, “Why do you call me good? No one is good but God alone. You know the commandments: ‘You shall not murder; You shall not commit adultery; You shall not steal; You shall not bear false witness; You shall not defraud; Honor your father and mother.’ ” He said to him, “Teacher, I have kept all these since my youth.” Jesus, looking at him, loved him and said, “You lack one thing; go, sell what you own, and give the money to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven; then come, follow me.” When he heard this, he was shocked and went away grieving, for he had many possessions.

Then Jesus looked around and said to his disciples, “How hard it will be for those who have wealth to enter the kingdom of God!” And the disciples were perplexed at these words. But Jesus said to them again, “Children, how hard it is to enter the kingdom of God! It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for someone who is rich to enter the kingdom of God.” They were greatly astounded and said to one another, “Then who can be saved?” Jesus looked at them and said, “For mortals it is impossible, but not for God; for God all things are possible.”

Peter began to say to him, “Look, we have left everything and followed you.” Jesus said, “Truly I tell you, there is no one who has left house or brothers or sisters or mother or father or children or fields, for my sake and for the sake of the good news, who will not receive a hundredfold now in this age—houses, brothers and sisters, mothers and children, and fields, with persecutions—and in the age to come eternal life. But many who are first will be last, and the last will be first.”

Crosses and Crowns: Theology of the Cross vs. Theology of Glory

For those of you who don’t know, Reformation Sunday is on the way and it’s one of the high holy days of the church calendar for Lutheran-flavored Christians, because it marks the birthday, if you will, of the Protestant Reformation, or the becoming of the Lutheran church and so many other denominations of Christianity as we understand it today. And, it’s been a couple of years since we’ve made our way to Reformation Sunday by way of a sermon series. So I thought it would be fun, again, to consider, over the course of the next few weeks, some of the things that make Lutherans Lutherans.

So… “The Theology of the Cross vs. The Theology of Glory” … one of the more profound and meaningful starting points for understanding who and how God is in the world. Like so many other theological perspectives, what we’re talking about today isn’t unique to Lutherans in our day and age, but it is an understanding rooted in Reformation theology, with thanks to our namesake, Martin Luther, in many ways.

And I realized this week that I could preach this sermon with pictures in no time, flat; that I could describe the difference between the Theology of the Cross and the Theology of Glory, by simply showing you these two images:

Now, as tempting as it is to say “Amen” and call it a day, there is also more to say about this.

One of the ways we talk about God’s love, in Jesus, is that it always comes down. That’s what Lutheran theologians and seminary professors and pastors call a “Theology of the Cross,” which is meant to stand in contrast to something else we call a “Theology of Glory.” I like to think of God’s example for us in Jesus Christ as one who got down and dirty for the sake of grace in the world – a Theology of the Cross – as opposed to being all high and mighty – a Theology of Glory.

So I want to start with some of what this Theology of Glory smells like. (It really does kind of stink once you develop a nose for it.) If you want to find other examples of this, start a log of “Christian-themed” bumper stickers when you see them, or thumb through the “religious” themed get-well cards at the drug store, or, depending on your Facebook “friends list”, consider the platitudes and pleasantries posted there, or just go shopping for what’s hot at the local Christian book store. (“Happy, Happy, Happy: My Life and Legacy as Duck Commander,” for instance. I haven’t read the book, so I’m totally guessing, which may not be fair, but you get the point, right?)

Anything like, “God never closes a door without opening a window,” or “God never gives you more than you can handle” are some common examples of this Theology of Glory. Or there’s this: Jesus as Hulk Hogan, or Superman, or Duane “the Rock” Johnson, rather than the “Rock of Ages Cleft for Me.”

To the contrary, though, we have our Theology of the Cross – which means to remind us of the truth that sometimes the door closes and the window’s stuck, too. Sometimes, while God doesn't make the bad stuff come, life really does give us more than we can handle, plain and simple. And, in reality, the cross was not some sort of comic book kryptonite that sapped the power from Jesus for a spell – it killed him, utterly, completely, dead…signed, sealed and delivered into the hands of death and despair and oblivion.

The cross of Christ is a reminder and a message that God’s love for us and God’s call to us is about humility and suffering and struggle. God showed up to us in a stinky, smelly, underrated manger and God’s grace was unveiled to the world through an ugly, painful, lonely, desperate crucifixion and death.

And it is still that way. God shows up for us in places and in people and in opportunities where we least expect it – not in the high and mighty, but in the down and out; not in the rich and powerful, but in the poor and pitiful; not in the accepted and the exceptional, but in the neglected and the unacceptable, the left out, the lonely, the lost and the loser.

And God shows up through us, too – and here’s the invitation and the holy challenge of it all – when we embrace and engage and embody what is least among us. And, I would say, when we embrace and engage and embody the least and most lacking parts of ourselves … that’s how we experience resurrection and new life and the Kingdom of God in our midst.

Think, if you can, about some of the hardest, most vulnerable, sad and scary times of your life…(going through the basement or the attic or the garage after the funeral); think of some of your deepest, darkest struggles…(not making the team, not passing the test, sitting by that hospital bed waiting for the breathing to slow and to stop, walking out the door for the very last time); think about some of the greatest loss you’ve known…(that job, that relationship, that dream, whatever).

Maybe the door’s still closed in those places…maybe the window’s still stuck, too…maybe the light has not yet come…I’m sorry about that. But that’s what the Cross is – and there’s hope there by the grace of God. And those of you who’ve suffered, endured and survived losses like those – those who’ve been blessed to see around those corners – know something about God’s power and presence and grace – not just in spite of, but because of those moments, because of that time spent at the foot of Christ’s cross.

And that’s something like what I see Jesus trying to tell the rich man – and his disciples in this Gospel story for today. Usually I pay a lot of attention to the implications about money and financial stewardship in this little ditty, but it can be about a whole lot more than that, too. This rich man is trying to earn his way into heaven, really, by whatever he can do to accomplish that task. He wants to know, by what power, he can earn or deserve or be assured of his place on the other side of God’s eternity. He wants to skip to the good stuff, if you will, in whatever way he can make that happen.

And, using money as an example – as an indicator of his faithfulness – Jesus tells him just exactly what he doesn’t want to hear: “give it all away”; “become poor”; “become powerless”; “humble yourself, utterly”; “sacrifice everything.” Stop trying to earn it. Stop trying to deserve it. Stop trying to prove yourself or pass the test or power your way up the proverbial stairway to heaven. “Follow me, to the cross.” This way of life – this experience of salvation – this kingdom of God – comes with sacrifice, brokenness and persecutions, even; and with the first becoming last; the last becoming first; with winners becoming losers and with losers coming out on top.

God’s theology of the Cross says, “The truth will set you free. But first it’s going to hurt like Hell.” God’s theology of the Cross says, “the first will be last and the last will be first.” God’s theology of the Cross says, “the Son of Man must undergo great suffering and be rejected and handed over and be killed before rising on the third day.” God’s theology of the Cross says, “you may get more than you can handle, but I’ve come down to bear that burden right along with you and to show you that it can be done, thanks to my patient, steadfast, persistent grace and love and mercy.”

God’s theology of the cross means to give us hope in spite of our sacrifice and struggle and in spite of all that we might lose in this life as we know it.

And our inspiration and encouragement for this – the good news of it all – is, again, that God always comes down. God comes down in Jesus Christ – to this cross – to meet us wherever we may be. God comes down in Jesus Christ – to this cross – to sit with us when we fall. God comes down in Jesus Christ to a cross and through a tomb because all of this is meant to be more than just a way of thinking. It’s meant to be life for us – life lived trusting always in God’s power to win through losing, to know power through humility, to be love and grace and mercy in the face of a world that pretends to be so impossibly otherwise.

Amen

Mark 10:2-16

Some Pharisees came, and to test him they asked, "Is it lawful for a man to divorce his wife?" He answered them, "What did Moses command you?" They said, "Moses allowed a man to write a certificate of dismissal and to divorce her." But Jesus said to them, "Because of your hardness of heart he wrote this commandment for you. But from the beginning of creation, "God made them male and female.' "For this reason a man shall leave his father and mother and be joined to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh.' So they are no longer two, but one flesh. Therefore what God has joined together, let no one separate."

Then in the house the disciples asked him again about this matter. He said to them, "Whoever divorces his wife and marries another commits adultery against her; and if she divorces her husband and marries another, she commits adultery."

People were bringing little children to him in order that he might touch them; and the disciples spoke sternly to them. But when Jesus saw this, he was indignant and said to them, "Let the little children come to me; do not stop them; for it is to such as these that the kingdom of God belongs. Truly I tell you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God as a little child will never enter it." And he took them up in his arms, laid his hands on them, and blessed them.

The reality of divorce recently touched my life. I didn’t know how to respond because it’s not something I’ve ever had much exposure to.

One set of my grandparents divorced before I was born. My grandfather remarried and moved to Arizona; my grandmother remained single and stayed across town from my family in Northwest Ohio. As a little guy growing up in that reality, and not knowing any different, their divorce wasn’t really a big deal. In fact, I thought I was pretty special given that I was the only one of my friends who could say I had five grandparents!

At some point in elementary school I learned that the parents of one of my best friends were going through a divorce. The experience seemed to change him and we drifted apart. Looking back, I’m sure the growing distance between us was due largely to my inability to understand the turmoil and uncertainty that characterized his life in that time.

All the way through college, early adulthood, and my first few years pastoring in the church, divorce was something that I rarely dealt with; and so I felt completely ill-prepared when, back in April, I learned that my college roommate’s wife abruptly left him. Brian and I hadn’t kept in close contact since graduation, but my wife and I had been to his wedding a few years earlier and we had just spent a wonderful couple of days together the previous summer.

I found out about the divorce via an email from a mutual friend. He explained Brian had told him of the situation–that she blindsided him with the announcement that she didn’t want to be married to him any longer. She told him they would be going separate directions once they closed on the sale of their home (which had already been on the market, as they were planning to move across states). The mutual friend’s email concluded with a suggestion that I get in touch with Brian to show my support.

The idea of reaching out to Brian sounded terrifying to me…crappy as that is to admit.

I found it terrifying because I had no idea what to say. Honestly, my first inclination was to avoid the issue; fortunately I realized that was a dumb and dangerous idea. My second idea was to pull out my pastoral care counseling book from seminary and read through the chapter on divorce. Because, you know, if you were going through something awful, you’d want your friend to first brush up on all the right things to say before he or she reached out to you…or not.

Ultimately, I decided to reach out to Brian, not with well-researched and well-thought-out words, but, rather, with words of unconditional love. I told him I didn’t know what to say, and I certainly didn’t have any advice for him. I told him, “I know you are strong, compassionate, and worthy of a healthy and happy relationship…. Whatever the outcome, be yourself - the Brian we know and love.”

I’ve been fortunate to have had two opportunities to spend time with Brian since learning this news. The most recent occasion happened to coincide with my skin cancer surgery on my nose. We spent the morning after my surgery talking around my kitchen table and he seemed to be at ease. With the bandage over my nose and my black and blue left eye swollen shut I probably looked like he felt on the inside – beat up and scarred by the removal of something that was once a part of him but was cut out before it could do any more damage.

I didn’t say very much either of the times we talked. I knew that my role was to listen and love; which made me feel even worse about my initial instincts to avoid the situation or to address it with “right” answers from a textbook.

People who have experienced the loss of a relationship need assurance that they are worthy of love. Often the best way to communicate this is by being present, quiet, and kind.

The Christian church, unfortunately, doesn’t have a great record of being present, quiet, and kind towards people who have experienced divorce. Some churches still today don’t allow people who are divorced to be members or take communion. After all, scripture such as the gospel text from today makes it clear divorce is a consequence of our sinful nature–what Jesus refers to as “hardness of heart” in today’s gospel, which is the same term used to describe the Pharaoh’s repeated refusal to free the Israelite slaves in the book of Exodus.

Marriage is meant to be an institution of mutual respect, support, and love. In the time that Jesus uttered these seemingly-harsh words against divorce, marriage was one of the only ways for women to have protection and value. Divorce was practically a death sentence to the women and children of a marriage. Hence Jesus’ interpretation of the law of Moses in front of the pharisees and the disciples. His words challenged a system in which the letter of the law failed to honor relationships and protect the vulnerable. His message was that people are not disposable; no matter how justifiable their disposal is under the law.

In the name of Jesus, the church must always remain steadfast in its insistence on showing grace. Surely God’s love rests on those suffering through a marriage that is ending. Surely God’s grace is upon those who can no longer maintain a healthy relationship for a myriad of reasons.

Today’s Christian church can uphold marriage as an ideal institution of mutual respect, support, and love without condemning those whose marriage was not filled with respect, support, or love.

The church can and should give tools for a healthy, life-giving marriage model and still be a welcoming and encouraging place for those for whom marriage was neither healthy nor life-giving.

Each of us in our own ways are broken. We all have “hard hearts” about one thing or another. We gather as often as we can as a part of the church of Christ because church is a place where our broken bits can be pieced back together with the broken bits of others. Together we reassemble around the gift of the true, life-giving, word of God in water, bread, wine, and the word-elements that equip us to overcome our fears, our lack of answers, our hard hearts, so that we can we can sit with the suffering, proclaim the truth of God’s unconditional love, and create new life-giving relationships in the name of Jesus.

Amen.

"Crosses & Crowns" – Mark 10:17-31

"Responding Without Answers" – Mark 10:2-16